黑龙江省动物疫病预防控制机构发展现状分析

为了掌握基层动物疫病预防控制机构发展现状,通过调研了解,黑龙江省84个市县级动物疫病预防控制机构的基础设施建设、仪器设备配置、人员队伍结构等情况有较大提升,但仍存在业务用房面积不达标,设备陈旧老化,物资储备欠缺,人员老龄化,工作经费不足和信息化管理薄弱等问题,难以适应当前动物疫病防控总体需要。这提示应进一步强化基础设施建设,更新仪器设备,加强防疫物资储备,健全冷链管理体系,充实专业队伍,建立经费保障机制和推动信息化平台建设,以期进一步推进基层动物疫控机构发展。     

Towards developing resistance to chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing using multiplexed gRNAs

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Mastreviruses are an emerging group of viruses transmitted by leafhoppers and infect both monocot and dicot plants. Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus...     

不同硬实程度的刺槐种子活力差异性研究

以始温 80℃水浸种 1～ 4d吸胀的刺槐种子视为不同硬实程度的种子T1 、T2 、T3及T4 ,与第 4天仍未吸胀的刺槐硬实种子 (记作Tr)为试材对其种子活力差异性进行研究。结果表明 :随着硬实程度的提高 ,即Tr>T4 >T3>T2 >T1 ,种子的发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、呼吸速率呈上升趋势 ;而电导率呈下降趋势。通过测定人工逆境 (盐胁迫、低温、人工老化 )处理种子的SOD酶活性和MDA含量 ,发现硬实种子具有较高的抗逆性 ,且其抗逆性随硬实程度的增高而增强 ,进一步证实了硬实种子具有较高的活力水平。指出硬实种子在生产上具有潜在的应用价值     

干旱地区次生盐碱地主要造林树种抗盐指标的确定及耐盐能力排序

我国西北干旱地区次生盐碱地的主要造林树种的抗盐碱上限指标：新疆杨可以在土壤含盐量＜ｇ／Ｌ时生长正常；杜梨＜４ｇ／Ｌ；；柠条＜７ｇ／Ｌ；花棒＜５ｇ／Ｌ；沙棘＜６ｇ／Ｌ；沙枣＜４ｇ／Ｌ；枸杞＜７ｇ／Ｌ；梭梭＜３０－５０ｇ／Ｌ；胡杨＜８ｇ／Ｌ；树柳＜５０ｇ／Ｌ；杨柴＜６ｇＬ。     

抗生素对泡桐丛枝病植原体和发病相关蛋白质的影响

泡桐(Paulownia sp.)是我国重要的速生用材和绿化树种;然而,丛枝病的发生给我国的泡桐生产带来了巨大的损失.     

后嘴山市北沙湖湿地综合整治规划中水资源循环问题的探讨

本文探讨了石嘴山市北沙湖湿地综合整治中的水资源循环问题。笔者认为,在我国西北地区,维持湿地水资源循环是保障湿地生态功能可持续发挥的关键,也是进行湿地综合整治规划时应优先考虑的问题。区域水资源平衡是确保湿地水资源有效循环的基础,在规划中应充分分析湿地的来水水源和水资源消耗,由此确定湿地水资源循环的方式和线路。北沙湖湿地水循环确定了4条外循环线路和2条内循环线路。在水资源循环体系建设中,应充分利用现有水利设施和地势条件,尽量采用自流循环,减少设施设备投资和能源消耗。     

In vitro suppression of quercetin on hypertrophy and extracellular matrix accumulation in rat glomerular mesangial cells cultured by high glucose

Quercetin's protective effects on the glomerulosclerosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rat mesangial cells were investigated. The cell cycles, type IV collagen and laminin, TGF-β₁ mRNA, Smad 2/3 and Smad 7, and activities of cell antioxidases were measured. Compared with the high glucose group, quercetin may decrease the cell percentages of G₀/G₁ phase, Smad 2/3 expression, laminin and type IV collagen, and TGF-β₁ mRNA level significantly. The antioxidant capacity, the cell percentages of S phase and Smad 7 expression was significantly increased by quercetin. These results suggest that quercetin is a protective agent against glomerulosclerosis in DN.     

Factors affecting forest growth and possible effects of climate change in the Taihang Mountains, northern China

To estimate the possible effects of site factors and climatechange on forest growth in the Taihang Mountains, northern China,we assessed the factors influencing forest growth by using forestinventory data from 712 forest sample plots. Meteorologicaldata from 77 meteorological stations in the region were usedto estimate temperature and precipitation at each site fromelevation and longitude. Analyses showed that temperature, aspect,precipitation and soil thickness all significantly influencedforest growing stock (FGS), i.e. stem volume. When temperaturerose, FGS was reduced, possibly because increasing temperatureincreased evapotranspiration. Precipitation had a positive effecton FGS. The effect of aspect on FGS was perfectly expressedas a cosine function, with south-west- and south-facing slopeshaving the lowest FGS and north-facing slopes having the highest.We developed multifactorial regression models to predict changesin FGS in the Taihang Mountains. Temperature, forest age, forestcover, soil thickness, precipitation and aspect were well relatedto FGS. The effects of a temperature decrease and a precipitationincrease on FGS would be 2.5–8 per cent per degree centigradeand 10 per cent per 100 mm, respectively. The combination oftemperature increase and precipitation changes under futureclimate change is likely to result in a decrease of FGS, thoughthis does not take account the effect of increasing CO₂. Wealso used multifactorial regression models to analyse the effectsof site factors on FGS of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and Robiniapseudoacacia L., two major species used in afforestation inthe Taihang Mountains. Although site factors had similar effectson FGS, diameter at breast height and tree height of both species,prediction accuracy (regression coefficient) was improved greatlywhen we treated the species separately.     

Expression of a scorpion toxin gene <Emphasis Type="Italic">BmKit</Emphasis> enhances the virulence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lecanicillium lecanii</Emphasis> against aphids

Lecanicillium lecanii has been developed as biopesticides and widely used in the biological control of several insects in agricultural practice. However, the poor efficacy has blocked its application. The genetic manipulation has been proved as a useful tool to improve the virulence of entomopathogenic fungus. In this study, a scorpion toxin gene (BmKit) from Buthus martensi was cloned and transferred into L. lecanii and then its resulting activity against cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) was assessed. The results showed that the engineered strain BmKit-12 grew significantly quicker than WT in host insects. The median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) for BmKit-12 was 7.1-fold lower than that for WT, and the median survival time (LT₅₀) for BmKit-12 was reduced by 26.5 % compared with that for WT. Although the conidial yield was reduced by 31.4 % on insect cadavers, the mycelia growth, sporulation, and conidia germination of BmKit-12 on plates were not significantly different from WT. Considering the lower amount of mycelia for BmKit-12 in host insects in late growth stage (fungal sporulation stage), we think the expression of BmKit may not affect the capability of sporulation. In conclusion, the expression of BmKit gene can significantly enhance the pathogenicity of L. lecanii against cotton aphids in a relatively cost-effective way.